Mechanics
of Metal Cutting
Metals Cutting Process (In Manufacturing) consists of removing unwanted material from a blank to obtain a machine part of the required shape, size, and dimensions and with the specified quality of surface finish. Metal cutting is one of the most important processes carried out in an industry and commonly called machining. Machining is the Secondary Manufacturing Process to removed unwanted material by tearing and shearing from a pre-formed blank (after Primary Process like casting, forming).
The metal cutting tool is the wedge-shaped part of a metal
cutting machine tool that in the cutting process, acts directly on blank metal
from which the finished part is to be made. This process accompanied by
deformation in compression, tension, and shear by a great deal of friction, and
heat generation is governed by definite law. But in order to cut the material
from the blank, the cutting tool should be
harder than the material to be cut, the tool should penetrate the blank and the tool should be strong enough to withstand the forces developed in cutting.
Metal Cutting Principal
Metal Cutting is “the process of removing excess material in the form of chips, from a block of metal, using a cutting tool to produce the desired shape, size, and the finish of a component”.
Classification of Cutting Tools:
Number of cutting edges, the cutting tools used
in metal cutting are classified as follows:
1. Single Point Cutting Tools :
Single Point Cutting Tool has a single
effective cutting edge and removing unwanted material from the workpiece along
the cutting edge.it is mostly used in lathe machine, shaper machine, and other
machines Examples: Turning Tool, Boring Tool, etc.
2. Multi-point Cutting Tools:
Multi-Point Cutting Tool has more than one effective cutting edge to removing
unwanted material from workpieces. the milling cutter has generally used this type
of tool except for fly milling cutter Examples: Milling Cutters, Drills, Reamer, Broaches, and Grinding Wheels are multi-point
cutting tools.
